· learnings · 3 min read
Linux学习日志 Ⅴ
用CUPS服务打印(Printing using CUPS)
Ex. 配置USB打印设备
1.建立usb文件夹
mkdir /dev/usb
●Device files for parallel port printers
–eg /dev/lp0, /dev/lp1, /dev/lp2
●Device files for USB port printers
–eg /dev/usb/lp0, /dev/usb/lp1, /dev/usb/lp2
2.建立”ip0”配置文件
mknod lp0 c 180 0
-------------------------------------------------------------------- # mknod
Must know device major and minor numbers
www.lanana.org/docs/device-list
--------------------------------------------------------------------
3.编辑CUPS配置文件 /etc/cups/printers.conf
<Printer “queue name”>
DeviceURI usb:/dev/usb/lp0 //device URI for this printer
State Idle // Idle/Stopped
Accepting Yes //accepting jobs Yes/No
------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Remote printer:
DeviceURI ipp://
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
4.重启服务
Service cups restart
------------------------------------------------------------------------------ ● $ lpr -P
– Prints specified file to specified queue
● $ lpq -P
– Shows status of specified queue
● $ lprm -P
– Removes specified job from specified queue
设置网络打印机
在客户端上配置/etc/cups/printers.conf
(其中DeviceURI ipp://
在服务器上要多配置一个/etc/cups/cupsd.conf来控制客户端
Ex.
<Location /printers/office>
Order Allow,Deny
Allow from .syanix.com
Deny from .msn.com
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
用syslog创建系统记录
1.编辑配置文件/etc/syslog.conf,修改log记录文件路径
Ex. (把安全连接的记录放到/var/log/authlogfile)
Authpriv.* /var/log/authlogfile
2.重启服务
service syslog restart
--------------------------------------------------------------------- 记录log到远程remote机器上
在服务器端(接受):
编辑 /etc/sysconfig/syslog
在SYSLOGD_OPTIONS里面添加”-r”
(# -r enable logging from remote machines)
在客户端(发送):
编辑配置文件/etc/syslog.conf
Authpriv.* @hostname /var/log/authlogfile
---------------------------------------------------------------------
Scheduling
***********************************************************
atd Service
Issue appropriate command line to invoke, eg
at -f
crontab Files
crontab files stored as /var/spool/cron/
crontab -e creates/edits crontab file for that user
crontab -l lists contents of crontab file for that user
-------------------------------------------------------------- Each crontab entry has following format
min hour day month day-of-week command
min: 0-59
hour: 0-23
day: 1-31
month: 1-12
day-of-week: 0-7 (0,7=Sun, 1=Mon, 2=Tue, etc)
-------------------------------------------------------------- Ex.
0 2 1 * *
executes
30 0-23/4 * * *
executes
5,35 8-17 * * 1-5
executes
15 7-17/5 1,14 1-12/6 3
executes
cron Output
MAILTO =
MAILTO =
by itself, disables mailing
cron Security
/etc/cron.allow - lists permitted users
/etc/cron.deny - lists denied users
Clock Synchronization
Network Time Protocol (NTP)
NTP allows for network delays
ntp service
“restrict” entry in /etc/ntp.conf
eg entries for the higher Stratum server
# --- OUR TIMESERVERS ----- server time.ntp.org
restrict time.ntp.org mask 255.255.255.255
notrap nomodify noquery
eg entry for local network
# — CLIENT NETWORK ------- restrict 131.181.116.0 mask 255.255.255.0
nomodify notrap
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ restrict
Options include
noquery: host/network not permitted particular NTP queries
nomodify: host/network not permitted to change NTP configuration
notrap: do not accept logging requests from this host/network
●“ntpd”: NTP daemon used to synchronize clock
●“ntpq”: queries NTP server
●“ntpstat”: reports on the status of your time servers
●“ntptrace”: shows the hierarchy of time servers you are using
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